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 Student Disability Services |
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DISABILITY CATEGORIES Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity
Disorder (ADHD) Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) or Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is defined as a persistent pattern of severe problems with attention, concentration, restlessness, distractibility, and/or hyperactivity/impulsivity that interferes with a person's ability to function at school, at work, or in relationships. Students having ADHD may experience difficulty performing tasks that require sustained attention, such as listening, taking notes, reading or completing assignments. A hearing loss is defined as a loss of 30 decibels or greater, pure tone average at 500, 1000, 2000 Hz, ANSI, unaided, in the better ear. Examples include, but are not limited to, conductive hearing loss or deafness, sensorineural hearing loss or deafness, high or low tone hearing loss or deafness, and acoustic trauma hearing loss or deafness. Physical Disability and/or Health-Related Impairment A physical disability and/or health-related impairment is defined as a physically disabling condition that may require an adaptation to one’s school environment or curriculum. Examples include, but are not limited to, orthopedic deformities or functional impairments; amputations; arthritis; cardiovascular and circulatory disorders; cerebral palsy; neuromuscular disorders, including multiple sclerosis and muscular dystrophy; neurological disorders, including traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, stroke, and Parkinson’s disease; HIV/AIDS; diabetes; and epilepsy. Psychological and/or Psychiatric Disability A psychological or psychiatric disability refers to a variety of conditions related to emotional or behavioral disorders. Examples include, but are not limited to, depression, anxiety disorders, bipolar disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder and schizophrenia. Substance abuse is considered a disabling condition under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) when it is documented that a person has received treatment for a drug or alcohol addiction and is not currently using drugs or alcohol. Specific Learning Disability (SLD) A specific learning disability is defined as a disorder in one or more of the basic psychological or neurological processes involved in understanding or in using spoken or written language. Disorders may be manifested in listening, thinking, reading, writing, spelling, or performing mathematical calculations. Examples include, but are not limited to, dyslexia, dysgraphia, dysphasia, dyscalculia, and other specific learning disabilities in the basic psychological or neurological process. Such disorders do not include learning problems due primarily to visual, hearing or motor disabilities; mental retardation; psychological disabilities; or an environmental deprivation. A speech impairment is defined as a disorder of language, articulation, fluency or voice which interferes with communication, pre-academic or academic learning, vocational training, or social adjustment. Examples include, but are not limited to, cleft lip and/or palate with speech impairment, stammering, stuttering, laryngectomy, and aphasia. A visual impairment is defined as a disorder in the structure or function of the eye as manifested by at least one of the following: (1) visual acuity of 20/70 or less in the better eye with the best possible correction, (2) a peripheral field so constricted that it affects one’s ability to function in an educational setting, or (3) a progressive loss of vision which may affect one’s ability to function in an educational setting. Examples include, but are not limited to, cataracts, glaucoma, nystagmus, retinal detachment, retinitis pigmentosa, strabismus, and diabetic retinopathy. The category of other disability includes any other disabling condition that requires an administrative or academic adjustment such as class schedules or academic modifications and does not fit into any of the above categories. |
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